Every Malaysian child is supposed to get a Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine (BCG) jan which is given to prevent tuberculosis. So why are we seeing an emergence of the disease? Aren’t all children getting it, is it not being given in a targeted way or is the vaccine, developed 100 years ago, losing its efficacy? Melisa Idris and Sharaad Kuttan speak to Dr Helmy Haja Mydin, Consultant Respiratory Physician at Pantai Hospital KL.