TOP 3 MACRONUTRIENTS Carbohydrates Proteins Fats
- 3 years ago
TOP 3 MACRO NUTRIENTS | Carbohydrates Proteins Fats
Calorie, ''C'' and is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one *kilogram* of water by one degree Celsius. The Calorie in nutrition is equal to 1000 times the calorie used in traditional physics, or 1 C = 1Kc.
For better understanding,
1g Carbs yields 4 cal, 1g Protein yields 4 cal, 1g Fat yields 9 cal.
In the Carbohydrates, Carbo stands for carbon, and Hydrates stand for water H2O, which is Hydrogen and Oxygen. These three elements combine to form 3 basic sugars, Glucose, Fructose and Galactose. These three sugars are called monosaccharides.
Two monosaccharides combine to form disaccharides.
Glucose +Glucose = Maltose (Fruits)
Glucose +Galactose = Lactose (Milk)
Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose (Table sugar)
Carbohydrates are divided as :
1. Monosaccharide.
2. Disaccharides.
3. Oligosaccharides.
4. Polysaccharides.
Monosaccharide and Disaccharides are also called Simple carbohydrates or Simple Sugars.
Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides are also called Complex carbohydrates or Complex Sugars.
Which Carbohydrates to choose ?
Our body needs constant energy. So choose complex carbohydrates, instead of simple carbohydrates.
Proteins are the main building blocks of life. They’re used to make muscles, tendons, organs, and skin, as well as enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, and various molecules that serve many important functions.
Proteins consist of smaller molecules called amino acids, which link together like beads on a string. These amino acids combine in different ways to give different Proteins.
9 important functions of proteins:
- Growth and Maintenance.
- Causes Biochemical Reactions.
- Acts as a Messenger.
- Provides Structure.
- Maintains Proper pH.
- Balances Fluids.
- Supports Immune Health.
- Transports and Stores Nutrients.
- Provides Energy.
Fats consist of a wide group of compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. Fats are sometimes called lipids. Lipids are formed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Different types of lipids found in our body are Triglycerides, phospholipids and steroids. The two types of triglycerides are fats and oils.
Fats - These are solid at room temperature.
Example: Butter, cheese.
Oils - These are liquid at room temperature. Examples: oils from nuts, seeds and fish.
Cholesterol is produced by the body to help build cells and a membrane around the cell to protect it. Cholesterol is not fat. It is a waxy chemical compound produced by the liver. This compound is carried via the blood with the help of molecules called lipoprotein. Cholesterol is measured against counts for HDL and LDL. HDL, high density lipoprotein or good cholesterol, protect against heart disease and stroke. LDL, low density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol, clog arteries and increase cardiovascular risk.
Bad fats are : Trans fat and Saturated fat. Good fats are : Monounsaturated fat and Polyunsaturated fat.
Calorie, ''C'' and is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one *kilogram* of water by one degree Celsius. The Calorie in nutrition is equal to 1000 times the calorie used in traditional physics, or 1 C = 1Kc.
For better understanding,
1g Carbs yields 4 cal, 1g Protein yields 4 cal, 1g Fat yields 9 cal.
In the Carbohydrates, Carbo stands for carbon, and Hydrates stand for water H2O, which is Hydrogen and Oxygen. These three elements combine to form 3 basic sugars, Glucose, Fructose and Galactose. These three sugars are called monosaccharides.
Two monosaccharides combine to form disaccharides.
Glucose +Glucose = Maltose (Fruits)
Glucose +Galactose = Lactose (Milk)
Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose (Table sugar)
Carbohydrates are divided as :
1. Monosaccharide.
2. Disaccharides.
3. Oligosaccharides.
4. Polysaccharides.
Monosaccharide and Disaccharides are also called Simple carbohydrates or Simple Sugars.
Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides are also called Complex carbohydrates or Complex Sugars.
Which Carbohydrates to choose ?
Our body needs constant energy. So choose complex carbohydrates, instead of simple carbohydrates.
Proteins are the main building blocks of life. They’re used to make muscles, tendons, organs, and skin, as well as enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, and various molecules that serve many important functions.
Proteins consist of smaller molecules called amino acids, which link together like beads on a string. These amino acids combine in different ways to give different Proteins.
9 important functions of proteins:
- Growth and Maintenance.
- Causes Biochemical Reactions.
- Acts as a Messenger.
- Provides Structure.
- Maintains Proper pH.
- Balances Fluids.
- Supports Immune Health.
- Transports and Stores Nutrients.
- Provides Energy.
Fats consist of a wide group of compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water. Fats are sometimes called lipids. Lipids are formed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
Different types of lipids found in our body are Triglycerides, phospholipids and steroids. The two types of triglycerides are fats and oils.
Fats - These are solid at room temperature.
Example: Butter, cheese.
Oils - These are liquid at room temperature. Examples: oils from nuts, seeds and fish.
Cholesterol is produced by the body to help build cells and a membrane around the cell to protect it. Cholesterol is not fat. It is a waxy chemical compound produced by the liver. This compound is carried via the blood with the help of molecules called lipoprotein. Cholesterol is measured against counts for HDL and LDL. HDL, high density lipoprotein or good cholesterol, protect against heart disease and stroke. LDL, low density lipoprotein or bad cholesterol, clog arteries and increase cardiovascular risk.
Bad fats are : Trans fat and Saturated fat. Good fats are : Monounsaturated fat and Polyunsaturated fat.