Ecuador Rain Forest vs Globalization (2011) English Subtitles Spanish Documentary
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00:38:25We have to rescue the market.
00:38:28The market in terms of social construction.
00:38:31The market in terms of a space
00:38:33where the different actors of society
00:38:36in conditions of equality and freedom
00:38:38can participate.
00:38:44But it is not neoliberal freedom
00:38:46of the individual in freedom
00:38:48seeking his personal benefit,
00:38:50that is, in an egoistic way,
00:38:52getting all the possible benefits
00:38:55will bring fruits for society as a whole.
00:38:58We are not talking about that.
00:39:00We rescued a market
00:39:02that has to be understood
00:39:04as a process of social construction
00:39:06as it was in many times in history.
00:39:08I allow myself to simply remember
00:39:10that there was a market there
00:39:12in the time of Jesus Christ.
00:39:14But Jesus Christ was very clear
00:39:16and took out the merchants
00:39:18from the temple.
00:39:20He took out the merchants
00:39:22who want to commodify nature,
00:39:24commodify the relationships
00:39:26of human beings,
00:39:28commodify the political life
00:39:30of our countries.
00:39:32That is the great task.
00:39:34We have to give clear rules
00:39:36for the market to function
00:39:38in terms of society's demands
00:39:40and not only of the demands
00:39:42of the accumulation of capital.
00:39:45Satsang with Mooji
00:39:50Satsang with Mooji
00:39:55Satsang with Mooji
00:40:02Satsang with Mooji
00:40:09Satsang with Mooji
00:40:19Satsang with Mooji
00:40:29Satsang with Mooji
00:40:36The new constitution has
00:40:38some fundamental elements.
00:40:40For example, we see that
00:40:42the human being is on the demands
00:40:44of capital, but the human being
00:40:46is living with nature.
00:40:48And we open the door to the construction
00:40:50of a new development regime
00:40:52which is good living.
00:40:54We are also proposing from that logic
00:40:56everything that has to do
00:40:58with the rights of nature.
00:41:00Nature is subject to rights.
00:41:02We believe that this is a very important change.
00:41:04So, in our constitution,
00:41:06which we see as a project
00:41:08of life in common,
00:41:10we have collected a series of proposals,
00:41:12of aspirations, of dreams, of struggles
00:41:14from broad sectors of the country.
00:41:16This does not arise only with President Correa.
00:41:18This was already there before.
00:41:20President Correa is not a lightning
00:41:22in the clear sky.
00:41:24The clouds were already charged
00:41:26by the struggle of all sectors of the country,
00:41:28of the indigenous, of the black,
00:41:30of the women, of the men, of the young,
00:41:32of the professionals, even of businessmen.
00:41:34Everyone had contributed
00:41:36to generate the conditions.
00:41:38The constitution, what it does,
00:41:40is to capture this project of life in common
00:41:42that should guide us to build
00:41:44another type of society.
00:42:02La Paz, Mexico
00:42:26I go to bed at 8 a.m.
00:42:28and come back at 7 p.m.
00:42:30Sometimes I go to Cuenca to work, to sell chicken.
00:42:35Then I come back, I come back again.
00:42:38There are weeks when I sell pigs.
00:42:43I have to find a way to make my children happy.
00:42:48If there are five, then...
00:42:52In the neoliberal adjustment model,
00:42:55there was less and less money for the people.
00:42:58For the sick, for the poor, for the women, for the children.
00:43:02Every time, the money...
00:43:04Everything was kidnapped for the payment of the debt.
00:43:13The external debt is part of the mechanism of domination
00:43:19and dependence of the economic transnationals
00:43:24over the underdeveloped countries.
00:43:27The owners of the debt have been interested
00:43:30in keeping our countries indebted.
00:43:32That's why there have always been the famous standby credits.
00:43:37I'll lend you again so you can pay the interest.
00:43:41In such a way that the debt is never paid
00:43:44and you are making more debt to pay interest
00:43:48and the capital continues to grow.
00:44:15Unfortunately, the coyotes take them by boat,
00:44:19they put a lot of people in, so...
00:44:23That's what happened to my husband.
00:44:26They put 104 people in a boat that carried 30 passengers.
00:44:37My life is very hard.
00:44:41My life is very hard.
00:44:44There are five children and my husband,
00:44:48he was the backbone of the family.
00:45:02Let's always be countries that provide raw materials.
00:45:06Let's be countries that are capable of developing
00:45:09their own technologies
00:45:12and that we can add added value to our products.
00:45:17I think there is a perverse mechanism
00:45:20in which external debt and technological and economic dependence
00:45:25constitute the scenario for which our countries
00:45:28do not end up getting out of underdevelopment.
00:45:31That's why they cannot offer the population
00:45:35working conditions and sufficient income.
00:46:05I must confess something to you.
00:46:08Initially, I thought that the creditors had acted in good faith,
00:46:13but I must tell you that after studying the subject of debt a lot,
00:46:17I realize that they have not acted in good faith.
00:46:36It seems to me that many creditors,
00:46:39and the examples are varied,
00:46:42sought, including the multilateral credit bodies,
00:46:47sought to deliver the credits with the clear intention
00:46:53of later controlling the sovereignty,
00:46:57controlling the economic policy of those governments.
00:47:01The letters of intent of the International Monetary Fund
00:47:04are insulting letters for our peoples,
00:47:08because, among other things,
00:47:11and you only have to read them minimally,
00:47:14among other things, what they say is
00:47:17that they have to save all resources,
00:47:20they have to reduce real wages,
00:47:23they have to stop investing in the social sector,
00:47:26they have to stop investing in infrastructure,
00:47:29they have to stop investing in infrastructure,
00:47:32and everything they can save, they have to pay,
00:47:35not even to the multilateral creditors,
00:47:38but to the private creditors.
00:47:41And then, of course, they do not even need to investigate
00:47:44what happens in each country, what are its requirements,
00:47:47what type of development would be convenient,
00:47:50if it is convenient to take care of nature
00:47:53so that this development is environmentally sustainable.
00:47:56And that is why, in the case of Ecuador,
00:47:59the public pressure was dramatic,
00:48:02through letters that the International Monetary Fund
00:48:05sent to the national government in 2002,
00:48:08saying that all the surplus resources
00:48:11that they can have of oil,
00:48:14all the resources,
00:48:17leave 80% separate to pay debt.
00:48:20leave 80% separate to pay debt.
00:48:27And when, in the conversation with the fund,
00:48:30And when, in the conversation with the fund,
00:48:33they asked me,
00:48:36until then I accepted the question,
00:48:39when they told me,
00:48:42we would like to know what economic policy you plan to promote,
00:48:45and I told them our policy.
00:48:48Immediately, their question was, what is the policy on debt?
00:48:51I told them that we would not pay the illegitimate and illegal debt.
00:48:54They wanted to start giving us advice,
00:48:57blackmailing advice,
00:49:00because they told me personally.
00:49:03They told me, look, if you act that way,
00:49:06it may be that the International Bank will put you on trial,
00:49:09take the oil boats in the sea.
00:49:12In other words, the International Monetary Fund,
00:49:15its representatives came to advise us,
00:49:18supposedly, not to affect the payment of the debt,
00:49:21but to pay the debt.
00:49:44They handle things in conditions of blackmailing
00:49:47and affecting our countries.
00:49:50They do this repeatedly in all the countries of the world.
00:49:53That is why the International Monetary Fund must die.
00:49:56There is no way to restore it,
00:49:59there is no way to readjust it.
00:50:02There are some friends from other countries who tell us,
00:50:05well, let's think about how to make a change in the fund.
00:50:08No, the Monetary Fund is a historical corpse.
00:50:11We have to bury it.
00:50:14The same thing has to be done with the World Bank
00:50:17that understands the reality of our countries
00:50:20and thinks about the development of our countries.
00:50:23They don't think of us as gold mines that have to be exploited,
00:50:26like the colony.
00:50:47INDONESIA
00:51:09In order to dominate the countries of the South,
00:51:12you don't need boots, you need dollars.
00:51:15Before 1976, you didn't see bankers from Latin America or tourists.
00:51:20Since 1976, you start to see long queues of bankers with bags of coins...
00:51:25...outside the ministries of finance, to borrow and lend for anything.
00:51:30Weapons, during the military dictatorship, regular expenses, etc.
00:51:34With this crisis, the World Bank and the World Monetary Fund...
00:51:38...started to liquidate the debt. They gave us money to pay private creditors.
00:51:44The paradox is that the oil boom started in the 1970s...
00:51:48...when the country was the richest country in history.
00:51:51With 200 million foreign debt, we ended up with 4 billion and more debt.
00:51:57That is, we multiplied by more than 20, because of this aggressive debt.
00:52:02That's where the contemporary problem of debt comes from.
00:52:05In the 1980s, with 4 billion in commercial debt...
00:52:08...we paid more than 7 billion, and we have the same level of debt.
00:52:13So the audit's conclusions are strong enough...
00:52:18...to show that debt is illegal and illegitimate.
00:52:43ECUADOR, ECUADOR, ECUADOR
00:52:57When we bring machinery from abroad, we are Ecuadorians.
00:53:03That means they can't give us a deadline, they can't give us credit...
00:53:08...because we've been buying machinery in Germany...
00:53:14...and we've been with a Colombian.
00:53:17And they give him more credit, more time to pay...
00:53:22...just because his country has a lower risk than ours.
00:53:26And they treat us as...
00:53:30...depending on the country's risk.
00:53:32So not paying the debt is a relief for the ECUADOR...
00:53:37...but I don't know if in the long run it won't cause us any problems...
00:53:42...with our foreign trade, our imports and exports as well.
00:53:50If you are a businessman or a citizen in a developed country...
00:53:56...and you have a bankruptcy agreement...
00:53:58...that tells you what to do in case you can't pay your debt...
00:54:01...usually you go to a third party.
00:54:06You go to a third party, a judge, who tells you how to pay...
00:54:11...without jeopardising, for example, the daily bread of your children...
00:54:15...and the livelihood of your family.
00:54:17But in some countries we don't have a third party.
00:54:21If you can't pay your debt, you have to go to the Monetary Fund...
00:54:24...which is the representative of the creditors.
00:54:26So you need an impartial authority...
00:54:31...that judges the ability of a country to pay...
00:54:34...and tells you if a debt is legitimate or not.
00:54:37And that's the International Court of Debt, which I'm referring to...
00:54:41...because this is a proposal by many economists and authors.
00:54:51Hello. Good morning.
00:55:04Let's go.
00:55:09Let's go.
00:55:21Let's go.
00:55:22You want to rest?
00:55:34Let's go.
00:55:35Let's go.
00:55:37Let's go.
00:55:38Let's go.
00:55:40Let's go.
00:55:41Let's go.
00:55:43Let's go.
00:55:44Let's go.
00:55:46Good morning.
00:55:47Let's go.
00:55:50Long live the president.
00:55:53Long live the people of San Francisco.
00:56:04Long live the people of San Francisco.
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00:57:57Estimado Comandante General Hurtado,
00:58:01de acuerdo a nuestra conversación mantenida el 23,
00:58:04informa usted que esta oficina ha tomado la decisión
00:58:07de dar por terminado el entendimiento de apoyo logÃstico
00:58:10y operativo brindado a la unidad del Centro de Operaciones
00:58:13Anticontrabando, CUAC, de la Dirección Nacional de Inteligencia
00:58:16de EJI, de la PolicÃa Nacional.
00:58:19Esta decisión ha sido tomada, fÃjese lo que dice este tipo,
00:58:22cree que todos ya somos colonia, no entiende que aquÃ
00:58:25es un gobierno digno y soberano, en base a que el entendimiento
00:58:28de asignar personal policial al CUAC como un proceso
00:58:31de selección coordinado, léase que la embajada tenÃa que aprobar
00:58:35a quien pongamos de comandante de CUAC y a quien pongamos
00:58:38de personal de CUAC, como un proceso de selección coordinado
00:58:42entre nuestra oficina y la PolicÃa Nacional,
00:58:45no está funcionando satisfactoriamente para nuestros gobiernos.
00:58:48Ustedes sà saben lo que hacÃan estos señores,
00:58:51en el CUAC y UES, Unidad de Operaciones Especial,
00:58:54que reciben financiamiento de Estados Unidos,
00:58:56y todo eso estamos cortando, ellos calificaban al personal,
00:58:59ellos calificaban al comandante de la unidad,
00:59:02yo le di la orden al comandante Hurtado de terminar con eso
00:59:05y nos mandan esta insolencia de carga,
00:59:08que dan por terminado el convenio porque ya no seleccionan
00:59:11ellos al personal, sino que lo seleccionamos como paÃs soberano,
00:59:15las autoridades ecuatorianas, ¿se imaginan eso?
00:59:18¿Y qué dice este insolente?
00:59:20En consecuencia de lo anteriormente mencionado,
00:59:23informo que a partir del dÃa de mañana, 9 de enero del 2009,
00:59:26quedan suspendidos 340 mil dólares anuales de apoyo logÃstico
00:59:31y operativo otorgado a esta unidad de apoyo a la PolicÃa Nacional.
00:59:34Armando Astorga, señor Astorga, quédese con su sucio dinero,
00:59:39no lo necesitamos, aquà hay soberanÃa y dignidad.
00:59:43Quédese con sus 340 mil dólares.
00:59:47Majadero insolente.
00:59:49De igual manera, solicito de la manera más comedida
00:59:52que todos los activos, vehÃculos, motocicletas,
00:59:56muebles y equipos de oficina, computadoras portátiles
00:59:59y de escritorio, cámaras fotográficas,
01:00:02videograbadoras, teléfonos celulares, etc.,
01:00:05sean devueltos a la brevedad posible a nuestra oficina,
01:00:08ya que todos los equipos fueron entregados en dotación
01:00:11a la unidad del COAT.
01:00:12Señor Comandante Hurtado, devuélvale a este señor
01:00:15hasta el último pendrive que haya dado.
01:00:17Devuélvale hasta el último borrador.
01:00:19Mañana mismo, que se queden con sus cosas.
01:00:23Ecuador no necesita descaridad de nadie.
01:00:35© BF-WATCH TV 2021
01:01:05Ecuador no necesita descaridad de nadie.
01:01:35© BF-WATCH TV 2021
01:02:05Ecuador no necesita descaridad de nadie.
01:02:10© BF-WATCH TV 2021
01:02:35Ecuador no necesita descaridad de nadie.
01:02:40© BF-WATCH TV 2021
01:03:06We have to invent a new model of development
01:03:11at a global level that can overcome
01:03:14the energy and ecological crisis,
01:03:17the financial and economic crisis,
01:03:20and the sociological crisis of exclusion and poverty.
01:03:25I don't think that Ecuador alone,
01:03:29or a region of the world alone,
01:03:31can invent a new system
01:03:34if it doesn't involve a global level of awareness.
01:03:38I think we can use the example of the Titanic.
01:03:43Today the world has a direction
01:03:46and in front of it there is an iceberg that we are going to crash into.
01:03:49The rudder is still small
01:03:52and no matter how many times we turn,
01:03:54the ship will not turn at the speed we need
01:03:57in order not to crash.
01:03:59I think we have to put a much bigger rudder
01:04:04which is the political will of all the great statesmen in the world.
01:04:09I think that is the challenge.
01:04:11To be able to bring everyday life
01:04:15to what is still poetry.
01:04:19For many economists and bankers,
01:04:21talking about conservationism is pure poetry.
01:04:30I have known that you are going to get married
01:04:36I have known that they are going to sing to you
01:04:40The march announced as an anthem of love
01:04:46I have known that you are going to get married
01:04:51The march announced as an anthem of love
01:04:59I don't know if you sing out of love
01:05:03I don't know if you sing out of love
01:05:08I only know that your beautiful eyes cry
01:05:13I don't think it is another crisis of the capitalist system.
01:05:16It is the crisis of the system.
01:05:18And I hope it is understood like this and questioned.
01:05:21And I think it is being done.
01:05:23Explicitly or implicitly.
01:05:25Because the biggest supporters of neoliberalism
01:05:29of the minimization of the state, etc.
01:05:31are the ones who shout for the state to come and rescue it.
01:05:34The problem was deregulation
01:05:37which in turn obeyed the ideological fundamentalism
01:05:40of believing that the market was unimodal and was never wrong.
01:05:44And subjecting lives, societies, people
01:05:47to this intellect called the market.
01:05:49And that is what must be questioned.
01:05:51Change the models.
01:05:52Change the models.
01:05:53To depend on our own forces.
01:05:55And to stop depending and having the devotion
01:05:59that they wanted to impose on us
01:06:03to the intellect called the market
01:06:05and the so-called globalization.
01:06:07That it is not that it has wanted to create a planetary society.
01:06:10It has wanted to create only a planetary market.
01:06:12So Latin America has to learn from this.
01:06:15And we must seek integration.
01:06:18Be more self-sufficient as a region.
01:06:20And among the concrete things
01:06:22have a new regional financial architecture.
01:06:26Which would basically consist in that Bank of the South
01:06:29to finance development projects.
01:06:31In a reserve fund to join the reserves of the region
01:06:34which are now in the first world.
01:06:36Financing those who have more money.
01:06:38And even reach a single currency
01:06:40and a regional central bank
01:06:42to have a Latin American monetary system.
01:06:50LATIN AMERICA
01:07:06We share some fundamental things with traditional socialism.
01:07:10For example, the need for collective action.
01:07:15To overcome this fallacy that individualism
01:07:17is the engine of society, of the advancement of humanity.
01:07:20When a large part of the problems are collective problems.
01:07:25Common problems.
01:07:26And collective action is needed
01:07:28to solve those collective and common problems.
01:07:31And how collective action is expressed in society?
01:07:34Through the state.
01:07:35So that tells us that the state has an important role in development.
01:07:39What does the market do?
01:07:41It only generates exchange rates.
01:07:43Values ​​that can be sold, bought at a monetary price.
01:07:46But through the most important values,
01:07:48they do not have an explicit price.
01:07:50What is the value of the environment?
01:07:52The third world countries, the countries of the Amazon basin,
01:07:55are producing the most valuable good for the life of the planet.
01:07:59More valuable for all of us.
01:08:01That pure air, without which life on the planet would cease to exist.
01:08:04How much do we receive for that?
01:08:06So we also put emphasis on what Marx called
01:08:09values ​​of use rather than values ​​of exchange.
01:08:12These are the coincidences, among others.
01:08:14What are the differences?
01:08:16First, that we do not base ourselves on models,
01:08:19on having answers before knowing the questions,
01:08:22in those manuals.
01:08:23That dogmatism.
01:08:24We are enemies of dogmatism.
01:08:26Socialism in the 21st century is a process in continuous construction.
01:08:29It is not unique.
01:08:30It will have to respond to the specificities of each country.
01:08:33It is not the same what we have to do in Ecuador,
01:08:36in Venezuela, in Chile, etc.
01:08:38Socialism in the 21st century is proposing a new notion of development,
01:08:42which is the good living in harmony with nature,
01:08:45respecting cultures.
01:08:46Not living better, better than the neighbor, better every day.
01:08:49Good living, satisfying basic needs,
01:08:51which will also depend on each cultural reality, etc.
01:08:55I believe that the countries of the third world,
01:08:58the countries of the south, the emerging economies,
01:09:01we have to build a new system.
01:09:03That is what is happening in Latin America
01:09:05with the socialism of the 21st century.
01:09:13In the 21st century,
01:09:15the world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:17The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:19The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:21The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:23The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:25The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:27The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:29The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:31The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:33The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:35The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:37The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:39The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:41The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:43The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:45The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:47The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:49The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:51The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:53The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:55The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:57The world is facing a new challenge.
01:09:59The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:01The world is facing a new challenge.
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01:10:31The world is facing a new challenge.
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01:10:37The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:39The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:41The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:43The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:45The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:47The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:49The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:51The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:53The world is facing a new challenge.
01:10:55The world is facing a new challenge.
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01:11:25The world is facing a new challenge.
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01:11:49The world is facing a new challenge.
01:11:51The world is facing a new challenge.
01:11:53The world is facing a new challenge.
01:11:55The world is facing a new challenge.
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01:12:01The world is facing a new challenge.
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