Researchers from the Karolinska Institute and the Karolinska University Hospital have pinpointed the causes of the severe cancer-like condition Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). Science Immunology's findings might inspire the development of fresh, specialised therapies. The deadly cancer-like condition known as Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) primarily affects youngsters and, in extreme circumstances, can be fatal. In Sweden, the illness affects five to ten kids annually, usually before the age of ten. In the case of LCH, immune cells, which are normally tasked with identifying and destroying cancer cells, develop a malignant mutation.