Oviposition and first-night maternal care in Cochranella granulosa from Rio Frijoles, Panama. The female is initially full of water, which she collected during amplexus with the male. The male fertilises the eggs while they are laid. Then he leaves, and she returns to brood the eggs for a couple hours, during which time the eggs absorb water from her body. The video has been edited for length; there was a ~10-minute period between oviposition and the start of brooding. On average, female C. granulosa brood their newly laid eggs for two hours, then leave before dawn.

Credit: Karen Warkentin