Uniform civil code in India is the debate to replace the personal laws based on the scriptures and customs of each major religious community in the country, with a common set governing every citizen. These laws are distinguished from public law and cover marriage, divorce, inheritance, adoption and maintenance. Article 44 of the Directive Principles in India sets the implementation of a uniform civil code throughout the country as duty of the State. The personal laws were first framed during the British Raj, mainly for the Hindu and Muslim citizens. The orthodox Hindu law framed by the British discriminated against women by depriving them of inheritance, remarriage and divorce. They feared opposition from community leaders and refrained from interfering within this domestic sphere. The demand for it was first put forward by women activists in the beginning of the twentieth century, with the objective of women's rights, equality and secularism.




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