Manuscript 512 is the most important archaeological document in Brazil. In a context of national identity search and valorization of Brazilian attributes, the document has gained increasing focus over the years, both for adventurers and for famous explorers such as Percy Fawcett, intellectuals, religious and even Emperor D Pedro II himself . The highly researched account of the document on its relevance throughout history is arduously defended by many, contested by others, becoming an incessant quest for the solution of its mysteries.