10 Most Fascinating Caves In The World
- 7 years ago
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1) Krubera Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krubera_Cave
2) Good Luck Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gua_Nasib_Bagus
3) Catedral de Mármol - http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_M%C3%A1rmol
4) Puerto Princesa Subterranean River - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Princesa_Subterranean_River_National_Park
5) Waitomo Glowworm Caves - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waitomo_Glowworm_Caves
6) Orda Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orda_Cave
7) wisteria tunnel - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisteria
8) Blue Grotto - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Grotto_(Capri)
9) Fingal's Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingal's_Cave
10) Eisriesenwelt Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisriesenwelt
A cave or cavern is a hollow place in the ground, especially natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. Caves form naturally by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word "cave" can also refer to much smaller openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos.
Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the environment that surrounds the caves. Exploring a cave for recreation or science may be called caving, potholing, or spelunking.
The formation and development of caves is known as speleogenesis. Caves are formed by various geologic processes and can be variable sizes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, erosion from water, tectonic forces, microorganisms, pressure, and atmospheric influences.
It is estimated that the maximum depth of the cave can not be more than 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) due to the pressure of overlying rocks. For karst caves the maximum depth is determined on the basis of the lower limit of karst forming processes, coinciding with the base of the soluble carbonate rocks.
Most caves are formed in limestone by dissolution.
Solutional caves are the most frequently occurring caves and such caves form in rock that is soluble, such as limestone, but can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt, and gypsum. Rock is dissolved by natural acid in groundwater that seeps through bedding-planes, faults, joints and so on. Over geological epochs cracks expand to become caves and cave systems.
The largest and most abundant solutional caves are located in limestone. Limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with H2CO3 (carbonic acid) and naturally occurring organic acids. The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as karst, characterized by sinkholes, and underground drainage. Limestone caves are often adorned with calcium carbonate formations produced through slow precipitation. These include flowstones, stalactites, stalagmites, helictites, soda straws and columns. These secondary mineral deposits in caves are called speleothems.
The portions of a solutional cave that are below the water table or the local level of the groundwater will be flooded.[6]
Lechuguilla Cave in New Mexico and nearby Carlsbad Cavern are now believed to be examples of another type of solutional cave. They were formed by H2S (hydrogen sulfide) gas rising from below, where reservoirs of oil give off sulfurous fumes. This gas mixes with ground water and forms H2SO4 (sulfuric acid). The acid then dissolves the limestone from below, rather than from above, by acidic water percolating from the surface.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave
1) Krubera Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krubera_Cave
2) Good Luck Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gua_Nasib_Bagus
3) Catedral de Mármol - http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catedral_de_M%C3%A1rmol
4) Puerto Princesa Subterranean River - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Princesa_Subterranean_River_National_Park
5) Waitomo Glowworm Caves - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waitomo_Glowworm_Caves
6) Orda Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orda_Cave
7) wisteria tunnel - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisteria
8) Blue Grotto - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Grotto_(Capri)
9) Fingal's Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fingal's_Cave
10) Eisriesenwelt Cave - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisriesenwelt
A cave or cavern is a hollow place in the ground, especially natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. Caves form naturally by the weathering of rock and often extend deep underground. The word "cave" can also refer to much smaller openings such as sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos.
Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the environment that surrounds the caves. Exploring a cave for recreation or science may be called caving, potholing, or spelunking.
The formation and development of caves is known as speleogenesis. Caves are formed by various geologic processes and can be variable sizes. These may involve a combination of chemical processes, erosion from water, tectonic forces, microorganisms, pressure, and atmospheric influences.
It is estimated that the maximum depth of the cave can not be more than 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) due to the pressure of overlying rocks. For karst caves the maximum depth is determined on the basis of the lower limit of karst forming processes, coinciding with the base of the soluble carbonate rocks.
Most caves are formed in limestone by dissolution.
Solutional caves are the most frequently occurring caves and such caves form in rock that is soluble, such as limestone, but can also form in other rocks, including chalk, dolomite, marble, salt, and gypsum. Rock is dissolved by natural acid in groundwater that seeps through bedding-planes, faults, joints and so on. Over geological epochs cracks expand to become caves and cave systems.
The largest and most abundant solutional caves are located in limestone. Limestone dissolves under the action of rainwater and groundwater charged with H2CO3 (carbonic acid) and naturally occurring organic acids. The dissolution process produces a distinctive landform known as karst, characterized by sinkholes, and underground drainage. Limestone caves are often adorned with calcium carbonate formations produced through slow precipitation. These include flowstones, stalactites, stalagmites, helictites, soda straws and columns. These secondary mineral deposits in caves are called speleothems.
The portions of a solutional cave that are below the water table or the local level of the groundwater will be flooded.[6]
Lechuguilla Cave in New Mexico and nearby Carlsbad Cavern are now believed to be examples of another type of solutional cave. They were formed by H2S (hydrogen sulfide) gas rising from below, where reservoirs of oil give off sulfurous fumes. This gas mixes with ground water and forms H2SO4 (sulfuric acid). The acid then dissolves the limestone from below, rather than from above, by acidic water percolating from the surface.
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave